The Use of Code Switching/Code Mixing on Olúsẹ́gun Mímíkò’s Political Billboards, Oǹdó State, South-West Nigeria

Tèmítọ́pẹ́ Olúmúyìwá

Abstract


In a multilingual society as Oǹdó State where each language uniquely fulfill certain roles and represents different identities, code switching and code mixing are common phenomena used to meet the complex communicative demands of the majority of the people whose competency in English language is relatively low. Some politicians in the State who are aware of this fact resort to the use of code switching and code mixing in political advertising on the billboards. This paper, therefore, examines the use of code switching and code mixing on Olúsẹ́gun Mímíkò’s political billboards during the electioneering period of the just concluded October 20, 2012 Governorship election in Oǹdó State. The paper shows that none of his political billboards is anti-opposition, rather, they are used to eulogize him. The study found among other communicative intents, the use of code switching and code mixing in Olúsẹ́gun Mímíkò’s political billboards, the need to sell his candidacy and also educating the electorate on where to thumbprint on the ballot paper.

Key words: Code switching; Code mixing; Political billboards; Olúsẹ́gun Mimiko; Oǹdó State


Keywords


Code switching; Code mixing; Political billboards; Olúsẹ́gun Mimiko; Oǹdó State

References


Akere, F. (1977). A Sociolinguistic Study of a Yorùbá Speech Community in Nigeria: Variation and Change in the Ijebu Dialect of Ikorodu (Doctor thesis). University of Edinburgh.

Alvarez, C. (1998). From ‘Switching Code’ to ‘Code-Switching’: Towards a Reconceptualisation of Communicative Codes. In P. Auer (Ed.), Code Switching in Conversation: Language, Interaction and Identity (pp. 29-48). London: Routledge.

Auer, P. (1995). The Pragmatics of Code-Switching: A Sequential Approach. In Lesley Milroy & Pieter Muysken (Eds.), One Speaker, Two Languages: Cross-disciplinary Perspectives on Code-Switching (pp. 115-135). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bhatt, R. (1997). Code-Switching, Constraints and Optimal Grammars. Lingua, 102, 223-251.

Bloom, J., & Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Social Meaning in Linguistic Structures: Code-Switching in Norway. In J. J. Gumperz & D. Hymes (Eds.), Directions in Sociolinguistics. New York: Holt, Reinhart and Winston.

Bokamba, E. (1989). Are There Syntactic Constraints on Code-Mixing? World Englishes, 8(3).

Crystal, D. (2008). A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.

Grosjean, F. (1982). Life with Two Languages: An Introduction to Bilingualism. Cambridge: Havard University Press.

Gumperz, J., & Hernández, C. (1972). Bilingualism, Bidialectalism and Classroom Interaction. In J. Gumperz (Ed.), Language in Social Groups (pp. 311-39). Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Gumperz, J. (1982). Discourse Strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Heller, M. (1988). Code Switching: Anthropological and Sociolinguistic Perspectives. Berlin: Mounton de Gruyter.

Heller, M. (1992). The Politics of Codeswitching and Language Choice. In Carol Eastman (Ed.), Codeswitching (pp. 123-142). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.

Heller, M. (1995). Code-switching and the Politics of Language. In Lesley Milroy & Pieter Muysken (Eds.), One Speaker, Two Languages: Cross-disciplinary Perspectives on Code-Switching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kachru, B. (1978). Code-mixing as a Communicative Strategy in India. In J. E. Alatis (Ed.), International Dimensions of Bilingual Education (pp. 107-124). Washington DC, Georgetown University Press.

McConvell, P. (1988). MIX-IN-UP: Aboriginal Code-Switching, Old and New. In M. Heller (Ed.), Code-Switching: Anthropological and Sociolinguistic Perspectives (pp. 97-151). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Muysken, P. (2000). Bilingual Speech. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Myers-Scotton, C. (1993). Social Motivations for Code-Switching: Evidence from Africa. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.

Myers-Scotton, C. (2002). Contact Linguistic: Bilingual Encounters and Grammatical Outcomes. Oxford University Press, New York.

Myers-Scotton, C., & Ury, W. (1977). Bilingual Strategies: The Social Functions of Codeswitching. International Journal of Sociology of Language, 13, 5-20.

Ondo State Wikipedia (2012, October 28). Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org//

Poplack, S. (1980). Sometimes I’ll Start a Sentence in English y termino en español: Toward a Typology of Code-Switching. Linguistics, 18, 581-616.

Poplack, S. (2001). Code-Switching (Linguistic). In N. Smelser & P. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (pp. 2062-2065). Elsevier Science Ltd. Amsterdam.

Romaine, S. (1989). Bilingualism. Oxford: Blackwell.

Sánchez, R. (1983). Chicano Discourse. Rowley: Newbury House.

Schiffrin, D. (1987). Discourse Markers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Sridhar, S. N., & Sridhar, K. K. (1980). The Syntax and Psycholinguistics of Bilingual Code-mixing. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 34(4), 407-416.

Sridhar, K. K. (1996). Societal Multilingualism. In S. L. Mc.Kay & N. H. Horberger (Eds.), Sociolinguistics and Language Teaching (pp. 47-70). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Vogt, H. (1954). Language Contacts. Word, 10(2-3), 365-374.

Weinreich, V. (1953). Languages in Contact. The Hague: Mouton.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/n

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c)




Share us to:   


 

Online Submissionhttp://cscanada.org/index.php/sll/submission/wizard


Reminder

How to do online submission to another Journal?

If you have already registered in Journal A, then how can you submit another article to Journal B? It takes two steps to make it happen:

1. Register yourself in Journal B as an Author

Find the journal you want to submit to in CATEGORIES, click on “VIEW JOURNAL”, “Online Submissions”, “GO TO LOGIN” and “Edit My Profile”. Check “Author” on the “Edit Profile” page, then “Save”.

2. Submission

Go to “User Home”, and click on “Author” under the name of Journal B. You may start a New Submission by clicking on “CLICK HERE”.


We only use three mailboxes as follows to deal with issues about paper acceptance, payment and submission of electronic versions of our journals to databases: caooc@hotmail.com; sll@cscanada.net; sll@cscanada.org

 Articles published in Studies in Literature and Language are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY).

 STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE Editorial Office

Address: 1055 Rue Lucien-L'Allier, Unit #772, Montreal, QC H3G 3C4, Canada.
Telephone: 1-514-558 6138 
Website: Http://www.cscanada.net; Http://www.cscanada.org 
E-mailoffice@cscanada.net; office@cscanada.org; caooc@hotmail.com

Copyright © 2010 Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture